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This Viewpoint discusses Vivien Thomas’s contribution to the discovery of the Blalock-Taussig shunt and strongly recommends a change in nomenclature for the procedure, which henceforth should be known as the Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt.

This cohort study compares perioperative outcomes among veterans treated in Veterans Affairs hospitals with patients treated in private sector hospitals using Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program and National Quality Surgical Improvement Program as comparable, high-quality, and audited national registries.

This cohort study examines weight loss outcomes from surgical and nonsurgical interventions among patients with obesity before and after the COVID-19 outbreak.

This cohort study compares the health-related quality of life in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who have undergone total thyroidectomy vs thyroid lobectomy.

This cohort study uses records from the VA Surgical Quality Improvement Program database to assess whether surgical procedures performed autonomously by residents were associated with different patient outcomes than those performed by attending surgeons alone or by residents and surgeons together.

This article discusses the Bullet Related Injury Clinic in St Louis, Missouri, a program that seeks to provide care for people with bullet-related injury.

This Viewpoint assesses the rigor applied by the US Food and Drug Administration to the premarket clearance and postmarket surveillance of medical devices and considers potential remedies to the inherent shortcomings.

This cohort study assesses the association of pharmacologic prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism with risk of thromboembolic and intracranial complications after neurosurgical intervention for traumatic brain injury.

This cohort study of patients with trauma-associated venous thromboembolism risk factors assesses whether posttraumatic pulmonary clots are all pulmonary embolisms or whether some represent pulmonary thrombosis.

This stepped-wedge cluster randomized clinical trial examines whether a multifaceted prevention intervention is effective in reducing postoperative delirium incidence and prevalence among older patients after various major surgical procedures.

This cohort study examines the association between surgeon-patient sex discordance and postoperative outcomes.

This study assesses outcomes associated with caustic ingestion in adults across a nationwide prospective database in France.

This narrative review explores some of the current issues surrounding the use of opioids in the perioperative period.

This Viewpoint discusses how coverage with evidence development may be warranted to develop a rigorous evidence base for gender-affirming interventions and surgery while simultaneously allowing access and provisional coverage for these services.

This cohort study describes patient- and surgeon-level sexual function outcomes among patients undergoing radical prostatectomy in the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC) and examines the association between surgeon case volume and sexual function outcomes.

This qualitative study evaluates attitudes and perceptions of US surgical program directors on leave for nonchildbearing or male surgical residents.